Situação Fiscal Local e a Resposta à Pandemia da COVID-19: Evidências para os municípios brasileiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55532/1806-8944.2022.156Palabras clave:
Situação fiscal local, Pandemia da COVID-19, Bens-públicosResumen
Esta monografia investiga o efeito das condições fiscais locais sobre a mortalidade durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Por meio de um modelo de diferenças em diferenças, evidencia-se que municípios em melhor situação fiscal apresentam menor mortalidade durante a pandemia. Para entender tais resultados é apresentado um modelo teórico que sugere que a existência de espaço fiscal local permite que os prefeitos expandam a capacidade de atendimento hospitalar, reduzindo com isso a mortalidade durante a pandemia. Posteriormente, é analisado que municípios em melhor situação fiscal conseguem expandir o número de leitos, a quantidade de médicos e enfermeiros em relação aos municípios em piores condições fiscais. A situação fiscal local favorável permite também uma oferta de serviços de melhor qualidade para o tratamento da COVID-19. Tais resultados indicam que a capacidade fiscal contribuiu para mitigar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19, principalmente, pela expansão da capacidade de atendimento hospitalar.
Citas
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Acemoglu, Daron, Victor Chernozhukov, Iván Werning, Michael D Whinston, et al. 2020. A multi-risk SIR model with optimally targeted lockdown. Working Paper 27102. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Acemoglu, Daron, Camilo García-Jimeno, and James A Robinson. 2015. “State capacity and economic development: A network approach.” American Economic Review 105 (8): 2364–2409.
Acemoglu, Daron, and James A Robinson. 2019. “Rents and economic development: the perspective of Why Nations Fail.” Public Choice 181 (1): 13–28.
Alesina, Alberto, Reza Baqir, and William Easterly. 1999. “Public goods and ethnic divisions.” The Quarterly journal of economics 114 (4): 1243–1284.
Alesina, Alberto, and Eliana La Ferrara. 2000. “Participation in heterogeneous communities.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 115 (3): 847–904.
Alon, Titan, Minki Kim, David Lagakos, and Mitchell VanVuren. 2020. How should policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic differ in the developing world? Working Paper 27273. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Alvarez, Fernando, David Argente, and Francesco Lippi. 2021. “A Simple Planning Problem for COVID-19 Lock-down, Testing, and Tracing.” American Economic Review: Insights 3 (3): 367–82.
Ashraf, Nava, Edward L Glaeser, and Giacomo AM Ponzetto. 2016. “Infrastructure, incentives, and institutions.” American Economic Review P&P, 106 (5): 77–82.
Ashraf, Quamrul, and Oded Galor. 2013. “Genetic diversity and the origins of cultural fragmentation.” American Economic Review 103 (3): 528–33.
Aum, Sangmin, Sang Yoon Tim Lee, and Yongseok Shin. 2021. “Inequality of fear and self-quarantine: Is there a trade-off between GDP and public health?” Journal of Public Economics 194:1–9.
Bassier, Ihsaan, Joshua Budlender, Rocco Zizzamia, Murray Leibbrandt, and Vimal Ranchhod. 2021. “Locked down and locked out: Repurposing social assistance as emergency relief to informal workers.” World Development 139:1–23.
Bergstrom, Theodore, Lawrence Blume, and Hal Varian. 1986. “On the private provision of public goods.” Journal of public economics 29 (1): 25–49.
Besley, Timothy, Ethan Ilzetzki, and Torsten Persson. 2013. “Weak states and steady states: The dynam- ics of fiscal capacity.” American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 5 (4): 205–35.
Besley, Timothy, and Torsten Persson. 2009. “The origins of state capacity: Property rights, taxation, and politics.” American economic review 99 (4): 1218–44.
. 2011. Pillars of Prosperity: The Political Economics of Development Clusters. Princeton Univer- sity Press. ISBn: 9781400840526.
Brotherhood, Luiz, Tiago Cavalcanti, Daniel Da Mata, and Cezar Santos. 2020. Slums and pandemics. Working Paper Series N° 2020/35. Cambridge-INET.
Cabanas, Pedro, Bruno Kawaoka Komatsu, and Naercio Aquino Menezes Filho. 2014. “Crescimento da Renda e as Escolhas dos Jovens entre os Estudos e o Mercado de Trabalho.” Encontro Nacional de Economia.
Clemens, Jeffrey, Benedic Ippolito, and Stan Veuger. 2021. “Medicaid and fiscal federalism during the COVID-19 pandemic.” Public Budgeting & Finance.
Eichenbaum, Martin S, Sergio Rebelo, and Mathias Trabandt. 2020a. The macroeconomics of epidemics. Working Paper 26882. National Bureau of Economic Research.
. 2020b. The macroeconomics of testing and quarantining. Working Paper 27104. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Gachter, S, F Mengel, E Tsakas, and A Vostroknutov. 2017. “Growth and inequality in public good provision.” Journal of Public Economics 150:1–13.
Gerring, John, Strom C Thacker, Yuan Lu, and Wei Huang. 2015. “Does diversity impair human development? A multi-level test of the diversity debit hypothesis.” World Development 66:166–188.
Goldstein, Patricio, Eduardo Levy Yeyati, and Luca Sartorio. 2021. “Lockdown fatigue: The diminishing effects of quarantines on the spread of COVID-19.” Research Square.
Haug, Nils, Lukas Geyrhofer, Alessandro Londei, Elma Dervic, Amélie Desvars-Larrive, Vittorio Loreto, Beate Pinior, Stefan Thurner, and Peter Klimek. 2020. “Ranking the effectiveness of worldwide COVID-19 government interventions.” Nature human behavior 4 (12): 1303–1312.
Hausmann, Ricardo, and Ulrich Schetter. 2020. Horrible trade-offs in a pandemic: Lockdowns, transfers, fiscal space, and compliance. Working Paper n° 382. CID Faculty at Harvard University.
Henderson, J Vernon, and Matthew A Turner. 2020. “Urbanization in the developing world: too early or too slow?” Journal of Economic Perspectives 34 (3): 150–73.
Jain, Radhika, and Pascaline Dupas. 2021. The Effects of Indias COVID-19 Lockdown on Critical Non- COVID Health Care and Outcomes: Evidence from a Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Dialysis Pa- tients. Working Paper Under Review. medRxiv.
Joanis, Marcelin. 2014. “Shared accountability and partial decentralization in local public good provision.”Journal of Development Economics 107:28–37.
Kermack, William Ogilvy, and Anderson G McKendrick. 1927. “A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics.” Proceedings of the royal society of London. Series A, Containing papers of a mathematical and physical character 115 (772): 700–721.
Kose, M Ayhan, Sergio Kurlat, Franziska Ohnsorge, and Naotaka Sugawara. 2017. A cross-country database of fiscal space. Working Paper 48/2017.
Kresch, Evan Plous. 2020. “The Buck Stops Where? Federalism, Uncertainty, and Investment in the Brazilian Water and Sanitation Sector.” American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 12 (3): 374– 401.
Krueger, Dirk, Harald Uhlig, and Taojun Xie. 2020. Macroeconomic dynamics and reallocation in an epidemic: Evaluating the “swedish solution”. Working Paper 27047. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Maia, Alexandre Gori, Leticia Marteleto, Cristina Guimarães Rodrigues, and Luiz Gustavo Sereno. 2021. “The short-term impacts of coronavirus quarantine in São Paulo: The health-economy trade-offs.” PloS one 16 (2): 1–18.
Mattoon, Richard. 2003. “Creating a national state rainy day fund: a modest proposal to improve future state fiscal performance.” In Proceedings. Annual Conference on Taxation and Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the National Tax Association, 96:118–124. JSTOR.
MS. 2020. Guia de Vigilância Epidemiológica. Emergência de Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional pela Doença pelo Coronavírus 2019. Ministério da Saúde - Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde.
Oates, Wallace E. 1972. “Fiscal Federalism, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.” New York 35.
OMS. 2020. Media briefing on COVID19. Organização Mundial de Saúde. Accessed March 16, 2020. https://twitter.com/i/broadcasts/1djxXQkqApVKZ.
ONU. 2020. Inequality in a Rapidly Changing World. UNDESA World Social Report 2020.
Ostrom, Elinor, Roy Gardner, James Walker, James M Walker, and Jimmy Walker. 1994. Rules, games, and common-pool resources. University of Michigan Press.
Rocha, Rudi, Rifat Atun, Adriano Massuda, Beatriz Rache, Paula Spinola, Letícia Nunes, Miguel Lago, and Marcia C Castro. 2021. “Effect of socioeconomic inequalities and vulnerabilities on health-system preparedness and response to COVID-19 in Brazil: a comprehensive analysis.” The Lancet Global Health.
Romer, Christina D, and David H Romer. 2019. Fiscal Space and the Aftermath of Financial Crises: How It Matters and Why. Working Paper 25768. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Schotte, Simone, Michael Danquah, Robert Darko Osei, and Kunal Sen. 2021. The labour market impact of COVID-19 lockdowns. Working Paper 2021/27. United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research.
Souza, Celina. 2018. Coordenação de Políticas Públicas. Escola Nacional de Administração Pública (ENAP).
Souza Santos, Andreza Aruska de, Darlan da Silva Candido, William Marciel de Souza, Lewis Buss, Sabrina L Li, Rafael HM Pereira, Chieh-Hsi Wu, Ester C Sabino, and Nuno R Faria. 2021. “Dataset on SARS-CoV-2 non-pharmaceutical interventions in Brazilian municipalities.” Scientific data 8 (1): 1–6.
Ulyssea, Gabriel. 2018. “Firms, informality, and development: Theory and evidence from Brazil.” Amer- ican Economic Review 108 (8): 2015–47.
. 2020. “Informality: Causes and consequences for development.” Annual Review of Economics 12:525–546.
Publicado
02-03-2022
Cómo citar
Barros Barbosa, R., Santos Barbosa, G., Marques Nojosa, G. ., & Tomaz de Sousa, D. (2022). Situação Fiscal Local e a Resposta à Pandemia da COVID-19: Evidências para os municípios brasileiros. CUADERNO DE FINANZAS PÚBLICAS, 22(01). https://doi.org/10.55532/1806-8944.2022.156
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