O papel das emissões de títulos soberanos no financiamento de políticas públicas sustentáveis: uma análise comparativa entre Brasil e China

Abstract

The present study analyzes the role of sustainable sovereign bond issuances in financing public policies aimed at sustainable development, with a comparative focus on Brazil and China. These financial instruments have gained importance as governments seek to fund projects that promote environmental and social benefits, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Brazil, sustainable sovereign bond issuances, regulated since 2023, allocated $2 billion to environmental conservation and social inclusion projects, and $2.25 billion in 2024, focusing on climate mitigation. In China, the country has established itself as the world's largest issuer of green bonds, raising $131.3 billion in 2023 to finance large-scale projects in renewable energy, sustainable transportation, and water resource management. The study concludes that sustainable sovereign bond issuances are effective in promoting the transition to a low-carbon economy.